Each state sets the rules
Renting in the US is governed mostly by state and local law, so deposit limits, fees and notice periods depend on where you live. Some states cap deposits; others set no limit.
New York: the security deposit is capped at one month's rent, application fees for background and credit checks are limited, and the landlord must return the deposit, with an itemised statement of any deductions, within 14 days of you moving out.
California: since July 2024, the security deposit is capped at one month's rent, whether or not the home is furnished. Some small landlords may take up to two months'.
Credit checks without an SSN
Most landlords run a credit and background check. If you have no Social Security number (SSN) or US credit history, you still have options.
Some screening services accept an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) instead of an SSN. Some services can turn your credit history from certain other countries into a report US landlords can read. An offer letter, recent pay stubs or bank statements, and a guarantor or co-signer also help.
Some landlords accept a larger deposit in place of a credit history, but only where state law allows it. In New York and California, the one-month cap still applies.
Renters insurance
Renters insurance covers your belongings and your liability; the landlord's insurance covers only the building. It is not required by law, but many leases require it.
Get the lease in writing
Sign a written lease before you pay anything beyond any application fee. Check the rent, the length of the lease, what happens if you leave early, which utilities you pay and any fees.
Federal fair housing law forbids landlords to refuse you because of your national origin, race, religion, sex, disability or family status.
Checklist before you sign
- You have seen the home in person, or on a live video call, and the person showing it can prove they are the owner or the owner's agent.
- The deposit is within your state's limit.
- You have a written lease and have read it, including early termination and renewal terms.
- You know which utilities you pay, and which fees apply.
- You have renters insurance in place, if the lease requires it.
- You do a move-in walk-through and keep a dated record and photos of any damage.
Scams to avoid
- Payment requested by wire transfer, gift card, cryptocurrency or a payment app to a stranger.
- An owner who is "out of the country" and will mail the keys.
- Application fees for a home that is not really available.
- A rent far below similar homes nearby, with pressure to decide today.
- Requests for your SSN, passport or bank details before you have seen the home.
Last reviewed 29 October 2026. General information, not legal advice; rules change. Check the official sources for your area and read your tenancy agreement before you sign.